The paper should be something to do with international relations or some sort of conflict

The paper should be something to do with international relations or some sort of conflict

Discipline: World Affairs

Type of service: Research Paper

Spacing: Double spacing

Paper format: APA

Number of pages: 14 pages

Number of sources: 10 sources

Paper details:

The paper should be something to do with international relations or some sort of conflict.

The introduction shall provide an overview of the following:

reasons for selecting the topic, including topicality and novelty;

the research problem;

the paper’s aim;   at least one out of the following three – research question(s), research tasks, hypothesis(es);

used research method(s) and data (research object);

an overview of the paper’s structure (3 to 5 sentences on each chapter of the work’s body). The introduction may draw attention to important circumstances that emerged while compiling the paper. For example data problems or restrictions, factors influencing the selection of methods etc. If the author would like to mention or thank those who contributed to the finalisation of the paper, this may be done in the last section of the introduction. As a rule, the introduction shall account for approximately 5% of the paper’s length – in case of the graduation theses the introduction shall be 2 to 3 pages.

 

As  a  rule,  the  body  of  the  paper  (with  the  exception  of  papers  of  HAJB  and  HAJM  study programme students4) contains three important components:

The theoretical  and/or  empirical  background of  the research   presents the main terms linked to the research problem, theoretical standpoints and/or empirical research results. In case of graduation theses, it is important to link different authors’ opinions, provide their comparison, synthesis, as well as contradistinction (only paraphrasing is insufficient).

Methodological  part  –  the  research  object  is  introduced  and  the  research  methods  are described as well as their selection justified. If the research is quantitative and hypotheses are tested or econometric modelling is used, then descriptive statistics are also presented.

Empirical analysis including results, discussion, conclusions, proposals/recommendations. The structuring of the student paper into sub-chapters and establishing the different weights for the body’s  components  shall follow the field’s standard practice and/or specifics of the paper. When  in  doubt,  then  depending  on  the  type  of  the  paper,  the  teacher  or  supervisor  should  be

consulted with. It is important to ensure that the content of body chapters and their sub-chapters is connected and logically presented so that sub-chapters are not unduly disproportionate.

 

The summary presents:

once more the aim of the paper;

briefly the paper’s main results (including results of hypotheses tests);

the conclusions, assessments and proposals systematised as points or propositions;

the  applicability  of  conclusions  and  proposals,  as  well  as  possible  further  research possibilities. As a rule, the summary is 5 to 10% of the student paper’s length, in case of

the graduation theses 2 to 3 pages.

 

As a rule, the summary shall not contain references to other authors nor present standpoints and conclusions  that  have  not  been  covered  in  the  paper’s  previous  parts.  The  introduction  and summary jointly should give the reader, who has not read the body of the paper, an overview of the covered problems, solution process and main results of the paper.

 

 

2. FORMATTING REQUIREMENTS FOR STUDENT PAPERS

 

 

The  following  presents  the  requirements  for  formatting  student  papers.  It  must  be  taken  into consideration  that  this  guideline  does  not  follow  the  formatting  requirements  of  student papers. Students are advised to use the separate student paper template in Word, which can be retrieved  from  the  school’s  website  and  is  based  on  the  formatting  requirements  of  the  given guideline.

 

 

 

 

2.1. General formatting requirements

 

 

When formatting student papers, the formatting of its elements should be the same throughout the paper. The following is a list presenting general formatting requirements:

White paper in A4 (210×297 mm) format is used with one-sided printing (except for the title page, which is printed on both sides).

Page margins are set as follows: top and bottom 2.5 cm, left side 3.0 cm and right side 1.5 cm.

All pages are numbered starting with the title page. Page numbers are displayed from the first page of the table of contents. The title page is considered in the numbering; however, no page numbers are displayed on the title page and its reverse side. Numbers are centred and displayed 1.5 cm from the bottom edge of the page using 12-point Times New Roman font.

The main text is written with 12-point Times New Roman font using line spacing 1.5. As an exception, footnotes5  shall be written with 10-point font and line spacing 1.0 and in appendices, tables and figures 11-point font may be used (with the exception of their titles and captions).

As a rule, bold or italics should not be used in the text. As an exception, text and terms in foreign language (e.g., ad hominem)  as well as  foreign  country’s  court decision names must be in italics. Important isolated words within the text may be highlighted with bold

letters.

Text is written using a  block style  where there  is  an additional space  (one empty line)

between paragraphs. Indentation is not used to mark the start of a new paragraph.

Text blocks are justified whereas expanded character spacing and excessive gaps are not allowed – where necessary hyphenation can be used. Hyphenation is not permitted in the papers of HAJB and HAJM study programme students. A single line must not be left on a separate page (in Word use the orphan control option).

 

 

Chapters or other independent parts (table of contents, introduction etc.) of the paper shall start on a new page. Sub-chapters shall start on the same page on which the previous (sub-)chapter ended. If there is space for less than two lines of text under the new sub-chapter, the new sub-chapter

 

 

5  Footnotes are  to be extensively used  only in papers of legal  study programme (HAJB  and  HAJM)  students. In exceptional cases, footnotes may be used in papers of students from other fields to specify something in the text.

 

starts on a new page. A sub-chapter shall not begin or end with a table, figure, formula or a list. Headings in student papers shall follow the principles outlined in table 3.

 

 

Table 3. Formatting rules for different heading levels

 

 

Document part                         Specifications

1st level heading                        Starts on a new page, preceded by a space of 72 points and followed by a space of 24 points.

Headings in the body are numbered with Arabic numbers (1., 2. etc.), other headings (e.g., introduction, summary etc.) are without numbers.

Text – bold, capital letters, 16-point font, left aligned.

2nd level heading                       Starts on the same page on which the previous (sub-)chapter ended, preceded by a space of 36 points and followed by a space of 18

points.

Numbered with Arabic numbers (1.1., 1.2. etc.).

Text – bold, lowercase letters, 14-point font, left aligned.

3rd level heading                        Starts on the same page on which the previous (sub-)chapter ended, preceded by a pace of 18 points and followed by a space of 12 points.

Numbered with Arabic numbers (1.1.1., 1.1.2. etc.).

Text – bold, lowercase letters, 12-point font, left aligned.