Applied Ethics animal rights

Applied Ethics animal rights

Work type:   Essay (any type)

Format:         MLA

Pages:            1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Academic level:       Undergrad. (yrs 1-2)

Subject or discipline:         Ethics

Title:   Writer’s choice

Number of sources:           0

Paper instructions:           

Beginning to Think about Applied Ethics

Before beginning this paper, make sure that you have completed Module 1 and chosen your Applied Ethics topic (animal rights, euthanasia, or global poverty). It is also highly recommended that you have read LaFollette’s “Writing a Philosophy Paper” from Ethics in Practice: An Anthology. This paper is worth 5% of your grade in this course. Make sure to follow the following instructions.

Topic

In this paper, you will begin to defend your own view on your applied ethics topic. To do this, you must briefly explain your applied ethics topic and then write a clear thesis statement that states your own view. After giving your thesis statement, you need to explain why you have this position. So, explain two or three reasons that you think support your view.

Grading

This paper will be graded on content, not length. That being said, you should aim for 1-2 pages. If your paper is too short, you won’t have included all of this assignment’s necessary portions. Your paper should include an introduction, paragraphs devoted to the reasons for your position, and a conclusion. If your paper seems to be a bit long, make sure every word is necessary. You should be able to explain the concepts succinctly as well as clearly.

This is not a research paper, so you should not need to use any sources outside the course materials. However, you may want to refer to sources on your topic to support your position. If you do, make sure you cite them properly. You may use any style that you prefer (APA, MLA, etc.), as long as you are consistent.

Wakefield MMR Autism case

Wakefield MMR Autism case

Work type:  Summary

Format:       APA

Pages:          1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Academic level:    Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)

Subject or discipline:      Health Care

Title:  Wakefield MMR-Autism case

Number of sources:        0

Paper instructions:

Read the following synopsis of the Wakefield MMR-Autism case. Write a one page summary on how you would have handled being a research assistant in the lab during this case. Use “TheLabGuide. Avoiding Research Misconduct” handout, provided in the research integrity exercise, to guide your discussion.

THE WAKEFIELD MMR-AUTISM CASE

Synopsis and Rationale for Inclusion:An undisclosed conflict of interest between a principal investigator and the entity funding their research can have far-reaching effects beyond the scope of the research study. In the MMR-autism case, Andrew Wakefield had undisclosed monetary conflicts of interest and was found to have violated human subjects protection rules in research underlying an article published in the Lancet (UK GMC, 2010Triggle, 2010).1 In the opinion of the British Medical Journal, Wakefield also falsified data (Godlee et al., 2011). A formal retraction did not occur for over a decade, allowing ample time for the purported findings to become an important support for the anti-vaccine movement. This case not only confronts the issue of conflicts of interest but also weaknesses in institutional research governance, coauthor responsibility, and journal responsibility.

In 1998, Andrew Wakefield published a paper in The Lancet claiming that he had found a link between the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) 3-in-1 vaccine and regressive autism, as well as a bowel disorder, using a sample of 12 children. Within a year, an article with a sample of 498 children rebutted Wakefield’s findings, followed by additional rebuttal articles for several years thereafter (Taylor et al., 1999). However, Wakefield’s article resonated with anti-vaccine movements in several countries, especially in the United Kingdom and United States, prompting some parents to refrain from vaccinating their children for fear of a connection to autism, contributing to decreased vaccination rates in the United States and United Kingdom and compromising the near success of eradicating these diseases from Western countries.

Six years after the 1998 article was published, 10 of the 12 coauthors retracted the paper’s interpretation that the results suggested a possible causal link between the MMR vaccine and autism (Murch et al., 2004). In 2010, based on the UK General Medical Council’s (GMC) Fitness to Practice Panel findings, The Lancet retracted the full article (Lancet Editors, 2010). Both of these retractions were prompted by the investigation by a British journalist, Brian Deer, initially published in the Sunday Times in early 2004. Deer exposed that Wakefield had undisclosed financial interest in the research results, reporting that Wakefield had negotiated a contract with a lawyer who hired him to provide evidence against the MMR vaccine to help support a lawsuit against the MMR manufacturing company (Deer, 2011a). Deer reported that Wakefield profited approximately $750,000 USD from the partnership (Deer, 2011a). In addition, Deer stated that Wakefield applied for a patent on his own measles vaccine, from which he was positioned to personally profit (Deer, 2011a). In addition, Deer reported that throughout the study, “Wakefield had repeatedly changed, misreported and misrepresented diagnoses, histories and descriptions of the children, which made it appear that the syndrome had been discovered” (Deer, 2011a). Lastly, Deer reported that the study sample was selectively recruited and not consecutively chosen as Wakefield had reported (Deer, 2011aWakefield et al., 1998, retracted). Deer then broadcast his findings on a UK television program, excerpts of which were later broadcast in the United States during an NBC Dateline investigation on Wakefield.

In addition to Deer’s findings, the GMC found that Wakefield had performed unnecessary invasive tests on children that were “against their best interests,” was not qualified to perform the tests, did not have the necessary ethics approval to conduct his study, and unethically gathered blood samples by paying children at his son’s birthday party for samples (Triggle, 2010UK GMC, 2010). He was found guilty of more than 30 charges of serious professional misconduct and removed from the UK’s medical register (Triggle, 2010UK GMC, 2010).

Also in 2004 and soon after Deer’s investigation, The Lancet launched an investigation of the paper. Other than undisclosed parallel funding and ongoing litigation, the Lancet reported that their editors did not find evidence of intentional deception or data falsification and so did not retract the paper (Eggertson, 2010). The article remained in the publication until the GMC’s findings and subsequent actions in 2010, at which point The Lancet editors agreed “several elements of the 1998 paper by Wakefield et al are incorrect, contrary to the findings of an earlier investigation” and fully retracted the paper (Lancet Editors, 2010). The journal’s editor, Richard Horton, said that “he did not have the evidence to [retract the paper] before the end of the GMC investigation” (Boseley, 2010).

In 2011, Brian Deer produced additional investigative reporting in support of his allegation that Wakefield falsified data, which was published by the British Medical Journal (Deer, 2011b). Deer’s work was endorsed by the editors of BMJ (Godlee et al., 2011).

Wakefield denies ever having committed research misconduct; in a press complaint, Wakefield insisted “he never claimed that the children had regressive autism, nor that they were previously normal . . . never misreported or changed any findings in the study, never patented a measles vaccine . . . and he never received huge payments from the lawyer” (Deer, 2011b). Furthermore, he claims to be a victim of conspiracy via a Centers for Disease Control (CDC) cover-up, alleging the “CDC has known for years about an association between the MMR vaccine and autism” (Ziv, 2015). Wakefield’s recent basis of this claim is a 2014 article by Brian Hooker published in Translational Neurodegeneration in which Hooker reevaluates data collected by the CDC and suggests African American boys who received the MMR vaccine before 24 months and after 36 months of age showed higher risks for autism (Hooker, 2014, retracted). However, the Hooker paper was later retracted because of conflicts of interest and questionable research methods (Translational Neurodegeneration Editor and Publisher, 2014).

Following the 2004 investigation, Wakefield moved to the United States, where he is not licensed, but continues to defend the MMR-autism connection. He attempted to sue Deer and the BMJ in 2010 for defamation, but the lawsuit was dismissed (Lindell, 2014). Wakefield works out of Austin, Texas, as an anti-vaccine activist, where he has received support from parents of children with autism (Deer, 2014). He directed the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover-Up to Catastrophe, which was to have been shown at the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival, but was withdrawn (Goodman, 2016).

In March 2011, the University College London (UCL), which took over the Royal Free Hospital where Wakefield worked at the time, announced intentions to conduct an institutional investigation on Wakefield (Reich, 2011). However, over 1 year later, UCL had not completed the investigation and explained that “given the passage of time, the fact that the majority of the main figures involved no longer work for UCL, and the fact that UCL lacks any legal powers of compulsion,” an investigation would not be a worthwhile endeavor for the university (UCL, 2012). Instead, UCL published a paper, MMR and the Development of a Research Governance Framework in UCL, detailing revisions made to the university’s research governance framework in response to the shortcomings raised by the Wakefield case

Leadership styles in Bible and aviation: You will compare and contrast the leadership styles of two different leaders, one from the Bible, and one from the aviation industry

Leadership styles in Bible and aviation: You will compare and contrast the leadership styles of two different leaders, one from the Bible, and one from the aviation industry

Category (Subject Area): Aviation

Assigned Writer:     0

Pages (Word Count):        3 Pages (825 Words)

Number of Sources:         

Referencing style:  MLA

Topic/Title:   You will compare and contrast the leadership styles of two different leaders, one from the Bible, and one from the aviation industry (your choice). You will analyze how these two leaders responded to a moral dilemma and how their example can apply to your own leadership development. Be sure to address the following in your post:

  1. select a person from the Bible (either Old Testament or New Testament times).
  2. Describe who this person was and how they exercised leadership attributes/principles and actions.
  3. Zero in on one situation in which the person exhibited leadership attributes and principles in the area of authority, responsibility, and accountability.
  4. Your second leader will be a prominent leader in the aviation industry, past or present.
  5. Describe who this person was and what ethical or moral dilemma this person faced.
  6. Critically describe how the person exhibited leadership attributes and principles in the area of authority, responsibility, and accountability.
  7. Compare and cont

Chinese cultures

Chinese cultures

Work type:   Discussion Essay

Format:         APA

Pages:            1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Academic level:       Master’s

Subject or discipline:         Nursing

Title:   Writer’s choice

Number of sources:           4

Paper instructions:           

Assigned county/cultures: Chinese

1. Use World Factbook, the World Health Organization, or EthnoMed to list five things that are specific to that country and/or culture, with sources cited (e.g., literacy, obesity, AIDS, religion, nutrition/food, holidays).

2. How will this information inform the practice of healthcare?

3. Choose Question A or Question B and address the question in your post.

Question A: If you were working in a local hospital and someone from one of the above countries came into the emergency department, how would the information you have just learned help you to improve patient care?

Question B: What would it be like if you were travelling and needed to receive medical treatment in your selected country? Describe some barriers and challenges that you might encounter, and provide at least two ideas on how to overcome those challenges.

Please answer and address each point mentioned in the question.

Code of Ethics for Nurses

Code of Ethics for Nurses

Format:         APA

Pages:            3 pages ( 825 words, Double spaced

Academic level:       Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)

Subject or discipline:         Nursing

Title:   Code of Ethics for Nurses

Number of sources:           0

Paper instructions:           

The assignment should be scholarly written with in citation and APA references.

1. Identify competencies (skills) needed to be an effective advocate and include ways these skills can be obtained.

2. In considering the Code of Ethics for Nurses, identify one Provision and describe its application in the role of advocacy. Include an example of how you have seen (or envision) this Provision being utilized in advocacy.

3. In considering the political system, identify ways nurses can influence policy and describe opportunities to get involved; include an example.

History is a weapon

 History is a weapon

Work type:          Research paper

Format:      APA

Pages:        1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Academic level:  Undergrad. (yrs 1-2)

Subject or discipline:   History

Title: Response Paper

Number of sources:     0

Paper instructions:     

USE GUIDELINES AS PROVIDED IN SYLLABUS

A response paper is a critical analysis of a primary source based on the historical context in which it was written.  This means that in order to write your paper you must use not only the primary source, but the textbook as well.  Remember from the primary source worksheet that these “pieces of the past” were created for a reason.  When you write your response paper, you should be trying to decipher what that reason was.  Connect it to the time period in which it was created and the events that were occurring.  What was its purpose and why was the author or artist motivated to create the document?  What does this document tell us about an event, person, idea, etc.? A well-written response paper should start with a brief description of the historical context (no more than one paragraph) and then analyze why the source was important and why it was created.

Do not just summarize the source!  I have read all of these primary sources and do not need to hear them over again.  Focus on analysis, not summary.

Article  Link: Speech to the Women’s Christian Temperance Union | Mary Elizabeth Lease (1890) (historyisaweapon.org)

Speech to the Women’s Christian Temperance Union

By Mary Elizabeth Lease (1890)

Madame President and Fellow Citizens:-

If God were to give me my choice to live in any age of the world that has flown, or in any age of the world yet to be, I would say, O God, let me live here and now, in this day and age of the world’s history.

For we are living in a grand and wonderful time-a time when old ideas, traditions and customs have broken loose from their moorings and are hopelessly adrift on the great shoreless, boundless sea of human thought-a time when the gray old world begins to dimly comprehend that there is no difference between the brain of an intelligent woman and the brain of an intelligent man; no difference between the soul-power or brainpower that nerved the arm of Charlotte Corday to deeds of heroic patriotism and the soul-power or brain-power that swayed old John Brown behind his death dealing barricade at Ossawattomie. We are living in an age of thought. The mighty dynamite of thought is upheaving the social and political structure and stirring the hearts of men from centre to circumference. Men, women and children are in commotion, discussing the mighty problems of the day. The agricultural classes, loyal and patriotic, slow to act and slow to think, are to-day thinking for themselves; and their thought has crystallized into action. Organization is the key-note to a mighty movement among the masses which is the protest of the patient burden-bearers of the nation against years of economic and political superstition…

Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the Western frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. It, takes from us at the rate of five hundred a month the homes that represent the best years of our life, our toil, our hopes, our happiness. How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted in the interest of Shylock from $54 per capita to less than $8 per capita; or, as Senator [Preston] Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, “Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased;” or as grand Senator [William Morris] Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, “For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till to-day the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst-the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?”

Do you wonder the women are joining the Alliance? I wonder if there is a woman in all this broad land who can afford to stay out of the Alliance. Our loyal, white-ribbon women should be heart and hand in this Farmers’ Alliance movement, for the men whom we have sent to represent us are the only men in the councils of this nation who have not been elected on a liquor platform; and I want to say here, with exultant pride, that the five farmer Congressmen and the United States Senator we have sent up from Kansas-the liquor traffic, Wall Street, “nor the gates of hell shall not prevail against them.”

It would sound boastful were I to detail to you the active, earnest part the Kansas women took in the recent campaign. A Republican majority of 82,000 was reduced to less than 8,000 when we elected 97 representatives, 5 out of 7 Congressmen, and a United States Senator, for to the women of Kansas belongs the credit of defeating John J. Ingalls; He is feeling badly about it yet, too, for he said to-day that “women and Indians were the only class that would scalp a dead man.” I rejoice that he realises that he is politically dead.

I might weary you to tell you in detail how the Alliance women found time from cares of home and children to prepare the tempting, generous viands for the Alliance picnic dinners; where hungry thousands and tens of thousands gathered in the forests and groves to listen to the words of impassioned oratory, ofttimes from woman’s lips, that nerved the men of Kansas to forget their party prejudice and vote for “Mollie and the babies.” And not only did they find their way to the voters’ hearts, through their stomachs, but they sang their way as well. I hold here a book of Alliance songs, composed and set to music by an Alliance woman, Mrs. Florence Olmstead of Butler County, Kan., that did much toward moulding public sentiment. Alliance Glee Clubs composed of women, gave us such stirring melodies as the nation has not heard since the Tippecanoe and Tyler campaign of 1840. And while I am individualizing, let me call your attention to a book written also by an Alliance woman. I wish a copy of it could be placed in the hands of every woman in this land. “The Fate of a Fool” is written by Mrs. Emma G. Curtis of Colorado. This book in the hands of women would teach them to be just and generous toward women, and help them to forgive and condone in each other the sins so sweetly forgiven when committed by men.

Let no one for a moment believe that this uprising and federation of the people is but a passing episode in politics. It is a religious as well as a political movement, for we seek to put into practical operation the teachings and precepts of Jesus of Nazareth. We seek to enact justice and equity between man and man. We seek to bring the nation back to the constitutional liberties guaranteed us by our forefathers. The voice that is coming up to day from the mystic chords of the American heart is the same voice that Lincoln heard blending with the guns of Fort Sumter and the Wilderness, and it is breaking into a clarion cry to-day that will be heard around the world.

Crowns will fall, thrones will tremble, kingdoms will disappear, the divine right of kings and the divine right of capital will fade away like the mists of the morning when the Angel of Liberty shall kindle the fires of justice in the hearts of men. “Exact justice to all, special privileges to none.” No more millionaires, and no more paupers; no more gold kings, silver kings and oil kings, and no more little waifs of humanity starving for a crust of bread. No more gaunt faced, hollow-eyed girls in the factories, and no more little boys reared in poverty and crime for the penitentiaries and the gallows. But we shall have the golden age of which Isaiah sang and the prophets have so long foretold; when the farmers shall be prosperous and happy, dwelling under their own vine and fig tree; when the laborer shall have that for which he toils; when occupancy and use shall be the only title to land, and every one shall obey the divine injunction, “In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread.” When men shall be just and generous, little less than gods, and women shall be just and charitable toward each other, little less than angels; when we shall have not a government of the people by capitalists, but a government of the people, by the people.

Ladies and gentlemen, I thank you.

Creatine supplementation: Annotated bibliography

Creatine supplementation: Annotated bibliography                                     

Work type:          Annotated bibliography

Format:      APA

Pages:        2 pages ( 550 words, Double spaced

Academic level:  Undergrad. (yrs 3-4)

Subject or discipline:   Sports

Title: Writer’s choice

Number of sources:     9

Paper instructions:     

The Research topic my group chose is “Creatine supplementation, and the effects it has on college aged men 1 rep max for barbell bench.” We will be using Creatine HCl (hydrochloride) for this. Play close attention to the attached file should explain everything needed to be done and how to do it.

Annotated Bibliography Assignment

● 50 points toward final grade

● Due September 16/2021

● Upload document to Blackboard drop box

This assignment requires you to find 9 peer-reviewed journal articles related to your ‘Research Question’. For each article you need to do the following:

● Provide the complete journal reference in APA format (1 point)

o ex:

Hoffman JR, Falk B, Radom-Isaac S, et al. The effect of environmental temperature on testosterone and cortisol responses to high intensity, intermittent exercise in

humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational

Physiology. 1997;75(1):83–87.

● Summarize the journal article in 3-4ish sentences (2 points)

o Do not use point form

● Identify how the article may relate to your research (2 point)

● Each journal article will account for 5 points – 45 points for 9 completed entries

● Spelling and grammar will account for 5 points – lose 1 point for each mistake up to 5 points

Once this bibliography is completed you can use it to help develop your research project. It will be a great resource for members developing the introduction and discussion sections. There may be articles here that can help identify methodology and statistical analysis for your study as well

Article Reference SummaryHow does it relate?

1) Hoffman JR, Falk B, Radom-Isaac S, et al. The effect of environmental

temperature on testosterone and cortisol responses to high intensity, intermittent exercise in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1997;75(1):83–87. 2)

This study examines the cortisol to testosterone ratio blood concentration response to HIIT in heat. The authors concluded that there was no significant difference in any of the measurements in hot temperatures vs. neutral

temperatures. However, cortisol dropped significantly in both conditions from pretest compared to immediately after the HIIT protocol.

Our study wants to examine how heart rate perform on a strength endurance test in a neutral temperature vs. a heated environment. This study examined heart rate and identified no significant changes in either condition.

The March of the Flag

The March of the Flag

Work type:          Discussion Essay

Format:      APA

Pages:        1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Deadline:   Sep 15, 2021 at 11:28 PM (-11 h, 30 m)

Academic level:  Undergrad. (yrs 1-2)

Subject or discipline:   History

Title: Discussion on “The March of the Flag”

Number of sources:     0

Paper instructions:     

Discussion on “The March of the Flag” 

https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1898beveridge.asp

Post your question/ participate in discussion of  “The March of the Flag (Links to an external site.).” Be sure to post at least 2-3 sentences in your initial post and reply in a substantive manner to at least 2 other posts.

Speech on the Fourteen Points

Speech on the Fourteen Points

Work type:          Discussion Essay

Format:      APA

Pages:        1 pages ( 275 words, Double spaced

Academic level:  Undergrad. (yrs 1-2)

Subject or discipline:   History

Title: Response Paper 2 “Speech on the Fourteen Points”

Number of sources:     0

Paper instructions:     

USE GUIDELINES AS PROVIDED IN SYLLABUS: 3 paragraphs minimum.

A response paper is a critical analysis of a primary source based on the historical context in which it was written. This means that in order to write your paper you must use not only the primary source, but the textbook as well. Remember from the primary source worksheet that these “pieces of the past” were created for a reason. When you write your response paper, you should be trying to decipher what that reason was. Connect it to the time period in which it was created and the events that were occurring. What was its purpose and why was the author or artist motivated to create the document? What does this document tell us about an event, person, idea, etc.? A well-written response paper should start with a brief description of the historical context (no more than one paragraph) and then analyze why the source was important and why it was created.

Do not just summarize the source! I have read all of these primary sources and do not need to hear them over again. Focus on analysis, not summary.  _____________________________________________________