p>describe the experimental set-up for conducting Type 2 column test
experiments
Question 1
As part of your revision exercises in Lesson 2 for D21WW, you were asked to read about Type 2
settlement Column Test and its analysis. Q1 of your coursework is to assess how successfully
you’ve done this:
a) With sketches, describe the experimental set-up for conducting Type 2 column test
experiments and how the resulting data can be analyzed to determine solids removal
efficiency. All the relevant equations must be presented and the symbols used must be fully
defined.
b) A type 2 settlement experiment was conducted in a column 2.4m deep. The initial, fully
mixed concentration of solids was 200 mg/l and the time distribution of concentrations at
various depths in the column during the experiment is shown in Table Q1. Provide answers to
the following:
(i). Determine the overall removal efficiency (%) if the retention time is 1hr 20 minutes.
(ii). Determine a suitable hydraulic loading rate (m/day) if it is desired to achieve a
removal efficiency of 75% in the column.
(iii). For a design flow of 5000m3/day, size circular sedimentation tanks based on the
loading rate obtained in (ii) and check all the necessary hydraulic and other
characteristics to ensure that they are acceptable.
You should show clearly all your intermediate calculations; any assumptions made must also
be clearly stated and justified.
Question 2
Consideration is being given to the abstraction of drinking water supplies from two different
sources:
??An upland reservoir in an area of a sheep farming area which is known to be “soft” and to
have unacceptable taste and colour with a pH of 5.5.
??A network of pumped wells delivering anaerobic groundwater from a chalk aquifer. The
possibility exists that there may be pathogenic organisms in the supply, together with
significant quantities of iron and manganese.
Write a report of about 2000 words (excluding illustrations but including references) comparing
and contrasting the possible water treatment strategies which may be required for the two
sources. You should identify other quality tests which you would recommend as essential before
undertaking a detailed design. Total number of illustrations (tables, pictures, tables, etc) should
be limited to a maximum of 6. Any illustration used must have number and title (e.g. Table 1:
This is table 1), and must be referred to in the text.
Question 3
Effluents from secondary wastewater treatment plants may contain high concentrations of
nitrogen and phosphorus compounds that may lead to eutrophication and other problems in
receiving water bodies. Write a report of about 2000 words (excluding illustrations but including
references) to review the water quality problems of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in
receiving water bodies, and the available treatment approaches for limiting the concentrations of
such compounds in wastewater treatment plant effluents. The Report should review at least 5
such approaches, which should comprise a balanced mix of high-tech (i.e. chemical/energy
intensive) and low cost (i.e. green) options. Your bibliography/reference citations should include
at least 6 recent (i.e. post-2000) journal papers indexed in Scopus website. Total number of
illustrations (tables, pictures, figures, etc) should be limited to a maximum of 6. Any illustration
used must have number and title (e.g. Table 1: This is table 1), and must be referred to in the
text.
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