Month: May 2018

Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders Advanced Pathophysiology week 2

Type of document           Essay

Number of pages             2

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 4

Order description:

Post a brief description of the pathophysiology of your selected immune disorders. Explain how the maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders differ. Finally, explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of each disorder.

Discussion 1: Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders

Maladaptive responses to disorders are compensatory mechanisms that ultimately have adverse health effects for patients. For instance, a patient’s allergic reaction to peanuts might lead to anaphylactic shock, or a patient struggling with depression might develop a substance abuse problem. To properly diagnose and treat patients, advanced practice nurses must understand both the pathophysiology of disorders and potential maladaptive responses that some disorders cause.

Consider immune disorders such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus E. What are resulting maladaptive responses for patients with these disorders?

To Prepare

Review Chapter 6 and Chapter 8 in the Huether and McCance text. Reflect on the concept of maladaptive responses to disorders.

Select two of the following immune disorders: HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, or systemic lupus E (SLE).

Identify the pathophysiology of each disorder you selected. Consider the compensatory mechanisms that the disorders trigger. Then compare the resulting maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders.

Select one of the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factor might impact your selected immune disorders.

So do HIV, psoriasis so Consider the compensatory mechanisms that the disorders trigger. Then compare the resulting maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders.

Please use the readings and resources as references

Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms

Whether a person realizes it or not, his or her body regularly uses compensatory mechanisms such as adaptive and maladaptive responses. These compensatory mechanisms help the body respond to stressors or triggers. Perhaps you have heard a patient complain that his or her food “just didn’t go down right,” resulting in a coughing spell. Maybe you have treated a child with scabs on his or her arms and legs. These are automatic physiological responses that a person cannot control and that may sometimes result in adverse health effects, such as hives. As an advanced practice nurse, it is important that you are able to identify the root of compensatory mechanisms and underlying responses. Which compensatory mechanisms are related to which disorders? Is the presenting mechanism positive and adaptive, or is it maladaptive and in need of control? What are appropriate management strategies?

Since the physical and emotional impact of musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary disorders varies from patient to patient, associated alterations and symptoms vary as well. For this reason, you must have a solid understanding of these disorders in order to properly diagnose patients.

This week you examine compensatory mechanisms and physiological responses of disorders and the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal disorders. You also explore the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of disorders and resulting compensatory mechanisms, and the impact of patient factors on the disorders.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

Compare maladaptive and physiological responses of immune disorders

Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of immune disorders

Compare the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Evaluate the impact of patient factors on arthritis

Analyze the pathophysiology of disorders

Assess adaptive responses to alterations

Evaluate clinical considerations of disorders

Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to adaptive and compensatory mechanisms

Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to alterations of the musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary systems

Photo Credit: Ariel Skelley/Blend Images/Getty IMages

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 6, “Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing”

This chapter examines how the body responds to injury and infection by exploring the first, second, and third lines of defense. It also covers wound healing and alterations of the wound healing process.

Chapter 7, “Adaptive Immunity”

This chapter examines the third line of defense, adaptive immunity. It also covers the roles of antigens and immunogens, the humoral immune response, cell-mediated immunity, and the production of B and T lymphocytes in the immune response.

Chapter 8, “Infection and Defects in Mechanism of Defense”

This chapter covers the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of disorders resulting from infection, deficiencies in immunity, and hypersensitivity. It also examines the pathophysiology of an important immune disorder—HIV/AIDS.

Chapter 9, “Stress and Disease”

This chapter evaluates the impact of stress on various body systems and the immune system. It also examines coping mechanisms and disorders related to stress.

Chapter 10, “Biology of Cancer”

 

This chapter explores the developmental process of cancer and factors that impact the onset of cancer at the cellular level. It also describes various treatment options.

Chapter 11, “Cancer Epidemiology”

This chapter reviews genetic, environmental, behavioral, and diet-related risk factors for cancer. It also examines types of cancers that result from risk factors.

Chapter 12, “Cancer in Children and Adolescents”

This chapter focuses on the presentation and prognosis of childhood cancers. It examines the impact of genetic and environmental factors on these cancers.

Chapter 38, “Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System”

This chapter covers the structure and function of bones, joints, and skeletal muscle. It also explores effects of aging on the musculoskeletal system.

Chapter 39, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function”

This chapter examines the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and evaluation and treatment of bone, joints, and skeletal muscle disorders. Additionally, it explores musculoskeletal tumors, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Chapter 40, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children”

This chapter includes musculoskeletal disorders that affect children, such as congenital defects, bone infection, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, muscular dystrophy, musculoskeletal tumors, and nonaccidental trauma.

Chapter 41, “Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument”

This chapter begins with an overview of the structure and function of skin. It then covers effects of aging on skin, as well as disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.

Chapter 42, “Alterations of Integument in Children”

This chapter covers alterations of the integument that affect children. These include acne vulgaris, dermatitis, infections of the skin, insect bites and parasites, vascular disorders, and other skin disorders.

Hammer, G. G. , & McPhee, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine. (7th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 3, “Disorders of the Immune System”

This chapter explores the anatomy and physiology of the immune system. It also explores the pathophysiology of various immune disorders such as primary immunodeficiency diseases and AIDS.

Chapter 8, “Diseases of the Skin”

This chapter begins with an overview of the anatomy and physiology of skin. It also explores the pathophysiology of various types of skin lesions and inflammatory skin diseases.

Chapter 24, “Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease”

This chapter explores the pathogenesis of inflammation and its role in rheumatic diseases. It also examines the clinical presentation, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of rheumatic diseases such as gout and rheumatoid arthritis.

Required Media

Zimbron, J. (2008). Mind maps—Dementia, endocarditis, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.medmaps.co.uk/beta/

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. [Image]. Used with permission of MedMaps.

This media provides examples of mind maps for dementia, endocarditis, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Optional Resources

Arthritis Foundation. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.arthritis.org/

Lupus Foundation of America. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.lupus.org/newsite/index.html

Discussion 1: Maladaptive Respons

The Ethics and Legalities of Medication Error

Type of document           Research Paper

Number of pages 3

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 5

Order description:

Assignment:

The Ethics and Legalities of Medication Error Disclosure

American writer Nikki Giovanni once said: “Mistakes are a fact of life. It is the response to the error that counts” (Goodreads, 2012). Whenever you make an error when writing a prescription, you must consider the ethical and legal implications of your error—no matter how seemingly insignificant it might be. You may fear the possible consequences and feel pressured not to disclose the error. Regardless, you need to consider the potential implications of non-disclosure. How you respond to the prescription error will affect you, the patient, and the health care facility where you practice. In this Assignment, you examine ethical and legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure of personal error.

Consider the following scenario:

You are working as an advanced practice nurse at a community health clinic. You make an error when prescribing a drug to a patient. You do not think the patient would know that you made the error, and it certainly was not intentional.

To prepare:

Consider the ethical implications of disclosure and nondisclosure.

Research federal and state laws for advanced practice nurses. Reflect on the legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure for you and the health clinic.

Consider what you would do as the advanced practice nurse in this scenario including whether or not you would disclose your error.

Review the Institute for Safe Medication Practices website in the Learning Resources. Consider the process of writing prescriptions. Think about strategies to avoid medication errors.

By Day 7

Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following:

Explain the ethical and legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.

Describe what you would do as the advanced practice nurse in this scenario including whether or not you would disclose your error. Provide your rationale.

Explain the process of writing prescriptions including strategies to minimize medication errors.

I live in the state of Arizona so all the laws should reference arizona laws also please use the readings and resources as references

Week 2: Ethical and Legal Aspects of Prescribing

Responsibilities are given to him on whom trust rests. Responsibility is always a sign of trust.

—James Cash Penney

Nurses have been rated the most trusted professionals in the United States (CDC, 2012). With this trust comes a critical responsibility to maintain ethical and legal practices in order to preserve patient safety when treating patients and prescribing drugs. Since the scope of practice for advanced practice nurses is broadening, you will likely encounter new and complex ethical challenges in your clinical settings.

This week, you explore ethical and legal implications of prescribing drugs including disclosure, nondisclosure, and prescriptive authority. You also examine the process of writing prescriptions to avoid prescription drug errors.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this week, students will:

Evaluate ethical and legal implications related to prescribing drugs

Analyze ethical and legal practices of prescribing drugs

Evaluate ethical and legal implications of disclosure and nondisclosure

Analyze the process of writing prescriptions to avoid medication errors

Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to ethical and legal aspects of prescribing

Photo Credit: erhui1979/DigitalVision Vectors/Getty Images

Learning Resources

This page contains the Learning Resources for this week. Be sure to scroll down the page to see all of this week’s assigned Learning Resources. To access select media resources, please use the media player below.

 

Required Readings

Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 1, “Issues for the Practitioner in Drug Therapy” (pp. 3–14)

This chapter introduces issues relating to drug therapy such as adverse drug events and medication adherence. It also explores drug safety, the practitioner’s role and responsibilities in prescribing, and prescription writing.

Chapter 59, “The Economics of Pharmacotherapeutics” (pp. 1009-1018)

This chapter analyzes the costs of drug therapy to health care systems and society and explores practice guideline compliance and current issues in medical care.

Chapter 60, “Integrative Approaches to Pharmacotherapy—A Look at Complex Cases” (pp. 1021-1036)

This chapter examines issues in individual patient cases. It explores concepts relating to evaluation, drug selection, patient education, and alternative treatment options.

Due to the importance of ethical and legal considerations in advanced practice nursing, several resources have been provided for your reference.

Crigger, N., & Holcomb, L. (2008). Improving nurse practitioner practice through rational prescribing. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 4(2), 120–125. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores issues relating to prescription drugs, specifically the frequency in which drugs are prescribed to patients. It also examines factors to consider before beginning drug therapy plans with patients.

 

Philipsen, N. C., & Soeken, D. (2011). Preparing to blow the whistle: A survival guide for nurses. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(9), 740–746. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article examines issues that nurses encounter when reporting errors in medical settings. It also outlines the role of ethics and the responsibility of nurses to notify all individuals who are impacted by a medical error.

American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Nursing World. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of-Ethics-For-Nurses.html

This article outlines ethical standards in the nursing profession and identifies nine provisions of care that must be adhered to by all nurses.

Anderson, P., & Townsend, T. (2010). Medication errors: Don’t let them happen to you. American Nurse Today, 5(3), 23–28. Retrieved from https://americannursetoday.com/medication-errors-dont-let-them-happen-to-you/

This article examines factors that lead to medication errors as well as consequences of these errors on patients and nurses. It also recommends methods for avoiding and eliminating medication errors.

Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Mid-level practitioners authorization by state. Retrieved from August 23, 2012, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugreg/practioners/index.html

This website outlines the schedules for controlled substances, including prescriptive authority for each schedule.

Drug Enforcement Administration. (2006.). Practitioner’s manual. Retrieved from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/pract/index.html

This manual is a resource for practitioners who prescribe, dispense, and administer controlled substances. It provides information on general requirements, security issues, recordkeeping, prescription requirements, and addiction treatment programs.

Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). ISMP’s list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations. Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/Tools/errorproneabbreviations.pdf

This website provides a list of prescription writing abbreviations that might lead to misinterpretation, as well as suggestions for preventing resulting errors.

Optional Resources

Byrne, W. (2011). U.S. nurse practitioner prescribing law: A state-by-state summary. Medscape Nurses. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440315

Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Code of federal regulations. Retrieved August 23, 2012, from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1300/1300_01.htm

Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Registration. Retrieved August 23, 2012, from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/Registration.html

Evidence based practice

Type of document           Essay

Number of pages             1 Page

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level High School

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 1

Order description:

How does your facility incorporate EBP (Evidence based practice) in a clinical setting to promote patient outcomes? Do you have recommendations on how your facility can improve its use of EBP?

Citations should conform to APA guidelines.

Advanced Patho week 2 assignment

Type of document           Research Paper

Number of pages             4 Pages

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 6

Order description:

Assignment: Adaptive Response

As an advanced practice nurse, you will examine patients presenting with a variety of disorders. You must, therefore, understand how the body normally functions so that you can identify when it is reacting to changes. Often, when changes occur in body systems, the body reacts with compensatory mechanisms. These compensatory mechanisms, such as adaptive responses, might be signs and symptoms of alterations or underlying disorders. In the clinical setting, you use these responses, along with other patient factors, to lead you to a diagnosis.

Consider the following scenarios:

Scenario 1:

Jennifer is a 2-year-old female who presents with her mother. Mom is concerned because Jennifer has been “running a temperature” for the last 3 days. Mom says that Jennifer is usually healthy and has no significant medical history. She was in her usual state of good health until 3 days ago when she started to get fussy, would not eat her breakfast, and would not sit still for her favorite television cartoon. Since then she has had a fever off and on, anywhere between 101oF and today’s high of 103.2oF. Mom has been giving her ibuprofen, but when the fever went up to 103.2oF today, she felt that she should come in for evaluation. A physical examination reveals a height and weight appropriate 2-year-old female who appears acutely unwell. Her skin is hot and dry. The tympanic membranes are slightly reddened on the periphery, but otherwise normal in appearance. The throat is erythematous with 4+ tonsils and diffuse exudates. Anterior cervical nodes are readily palpable and clearly tender to touch on the left side. The child indicates that her throat hurts “a lot” and it is painful to swallow. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 102.8oF, a pulse of 128 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 24 beats per minute.

Scenario 2:

Jack is a 27-year-old male who presents with redness and irritation of his hands. He reports that he has never had a problem like this before, but about 2 weeks ago he noticed that both his hands seemed to be really red and flaky. He denies any discomfort, stating that sometimes they feel “a little bit hot,” but otherwise they feel fine. He does not understand why they are so red. His wife told him that he might have an allergy and he should get some steroid cream. Jack has no known allergies and no significant medical history except for recurrent ear infections as a child. He denies any traumatic injury or known exposure to irritants. He is a maintenance engineer in a newspaper building and admits that he often works with abrasive solvents and chemicals. Normally he wears protective gloves, but lately they seem to be in short supply so sometimes he does not use them. He has exposed his hands to some of these cleaning fluids, but says that it never hurt and he always washed his hands when he was finished.

Scenario 3:

Martha is a 65-year-old woman who recently retired from her job as an administrative assistant at a local hospital. Her medical history is significant for hypertension, which has been controlled for years with hydrochlorothiazide. She reports that lately she is having a lot of trouble sleeping, she occasionally feels like she has a “racing heartbeat,” and she is losing her appetite. She emphasizes that she is not hungry like she used to be. The only significant change that has occurred lately in her life is that her 87-year-old mother moved into her home a few years ago. Mom had always been healthy, but she fell down a flight of stairs and broke her hip. Her recovery was a difficult one, as she has lost a lot of mobility and independence and needs to rely on her daughter for assistance with activities of daily living. Martha says it is not the retirement she dreamed about, but she is an only child and is happy to care for her mother. Mom wakes up early in the morning, likes to bathe every day, and has always eaten 5 small meals daily. Martha has to put a lot of time into caring for her mother, so it is almost a “blessing” that Martha is sleeping and eating less. She is worried about her own health though and wants to know why, at her age, she suddenly needs less sleep.

To Prepare

Review the three scenarios, as well as Chapter 6 in the Huether and McCance text.

Identify the pathophysiology of the disorders presented in each of the three scenarios, including their associated alterations. Consider the adaptive responses to the alterations.

Review the examples of “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in this week’s Learning Resources. Then select one of the disorders you identified from the scenarios. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.

Review the Application Assignment Rubric found under Course Information

To Complete

Write a 2- to 3-page paper excluding the title page, reference page and Mind Map that addresses the following:

For each of the three scenarios explain the pathophysiology, associated alterations and the patients’ adaptive responses to the alterations caused by the disease processes. You are required to discuss all three scenarios within the paper component of this assignment.

Construct one mind map on a selected disorder presented in one of the scenarios. Your Mind Map must include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations

please use these readings as some of the references and for the paper you have to do each scenerio and then one mapping page

Week 2

Introduction Resources Discussion 1 Discussion 2 Assignment Quiz Week in Review

NURS 6501: Advanced Pathophysiology

Course Information

An Asian woman is in bed with the flu. She is blowing her nose and looks generally uncomfortable.

Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms

Whether a person realizes it or not, his or her body regularly uses compensatory mechanisms such as adaptive and maladaptive responses. These compensatory mechanisms help the body respond to stressors or triggers. Perhaps you have heard a patient complain that his or her food “just didn’t go down right,” resulting in a coughing spell. Maybe you have treated a child with scabs on his or her arms and legs. These are automatic physiological responses that a person cannot control and that may sometimes result in adverse health effects, such as hives. As an advanced practice nurse, it is important that you are able to identify the root of compensatory mechanisms and underlying responses. Which compensatory mechanisms are related to which disorders? Is the presenting mechanism positive and adaptive, or is it maladaptive and in need of control? What are appropriate management strategies?

\Since the physical and emotional impact of musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary disorders varies from patient to patient, associated alterations and symptoms vary as well. For this reason, you must have a solid understanding of these disorders in order to properly diagnose patients.

This week you examine compensatory mechanisms and physiological responses of disorders and the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal disorders. You also explore the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of disorders and resulting compensatory mechanisms, and the impact of patient factors on the disorders.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

Compare maladaptive and physiological responses of immune disorders

Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of immune disorders

Compare the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Evaluate the impact of patient factors on arthritis

Analyze the pathophysiology of disorders

Assess adaptive responses to alterations

Evaluate clinical considerations of disorders

Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to adaptive and compensatory mechanisms

Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to alterations of the musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary systems

Photo Credit: Ariel Skelley/Blend Images/Getty IMages

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 6, “Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing”

This chapter examines how the body responds to injury and infection by exploring the first, second, and third lines of defense. It also covers wound healing and alterations of the wound healing process. Chapter 7, “Adaptive Immunity”

This chapter examines the third line of defense, adaptive immunity. It also covers the roles of antigens and immunogens, the humoral immune response, cell-mediated immunity, and the production of B and T lymphocytes in the immune response.

Chapter 8, “Infection and Defects in Mechanism of Defense”

This chapter covers the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of disorders resulting from infection, deficiencies in immunity, and hypersensitivity. It also examines the pathophysiology of an important immune disorder—HIV/AIDS.

Chapter 9, “Stress and Disease”

This chapter evaluates the impact of stress on various body systems and the immune system. It also examines coping mechanisms and disorders related to stress.

Chapter 10, “Biology of Cancer”

This chapter explores the developmental process of cancer and factors that impact the onset of cancer at the cellular level. It also describes various treatment options.

Chapter 11, “Cancer Epidemiology”

This chapter reviews genetic, environmental, behavioral, and diet-related risk factors for cancer. It also examines types of cancers that result from risk factors.

Chapter 12, “Cancer in Children and Adolescents”

This chapter focuses on the presentation and prognosis of childhood cancers. It examines the impact of genetic and environmental factors on these cancers.

Chapter 38, “Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System”

This chapter covers the structure and function of bones, joints, and skeletal muscle. It also explores effects of aging on the musculoskeletal system.

Chapter 39, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function”

This chapter examines the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and evaluation and treatment of bone, joints, and skeletal muscle disorders. Additionally, it explores musculoskeletal tumors, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Chapter 40, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children”

This chapter includes musculoskeletal disorders that affect children, such as congenital defects, bone infection, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, muscular dystrophy, musculoskeletal tumors, and nonaccidental trauma.

Chapter 41, “Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument”

This chapter begins with an overview of the structure and function of skin. It then covers effects of aging on skin, as well as disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.

Chapter 42, “Alterations of Integument in Children”

This chapter covers alterations of the integument that affect children. These include acne vulgaris, dermatitis, infections of the skin, insect bites and parasites, vascular disorders, and other skin disorders.

Hammer, G. G. , & McPhee, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine. (7th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 3, “Disorders of the Immune System”

This chapter explores the anatomy and physiology of the immune system. It also explores the pathophysiology of various immune disorders such as primary immunodeficiency diseases and AIDS.

Chapter 8, “Diseases of the Skin”

This chapter begins with an overview of the anatomy and physiology of skin. It also explores the pathophysiology of various types of skin lesions and inflammatory skin diseases.

Chapter 24, “Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease”

This chapter explores the pathogenesis of inflammation and its role in rheumatic diseases. It also examines the clinical presentation, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of rheumatic diseases such as gout and rheumatoid arthritis.

Required Media

Zimbron, J. (2008). Mind maps—Dementia, endocarditis, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.medmaps.co.uk/beta/

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. [Image]. Used with permission of MedMaps.

This media provides examples of mind maps for dementia, endocarditis, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Optional Resources

Arthritis Foundation. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.arthritis.org/

Lupus Foundation of America. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.lupus.org/newsite/index.html

Discussion 1: Maladaptive Responses to Immune Disorders

Maladaptive responses to disorders are compensatory mechanisms that ultimately have adverse health effects for patients. For instance, a patient’s allergic reaction to peanuts might lead to anaphylactic shock, or a patient struggling with depression might develop a substance abuse problem. To properly diagnose and treat patients, advanced practice nurses must understand both the pathophysiology of disorders and potential maladaptive responses that some disorders cause.

Consider immune disorders such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus E. What are resulting maladaptive responses for patients with these disorders?

Advanced Pharmacology Case Study

Type of document           Case Study

Number of pages             2 Pages

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 4

Order description:

Post a description of the case you selected. Then, describe factors that might have influenced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of the patient from the case you selected. Finally, explain details of the personalized plan of care that you would develop based on influencing factors and patient history in your case

Please use readings and resources as some of the references

Learning Resources

This page contains the Learning Resources for this week. Be sure to scroll down the page to see all of this week’s assigned Learning Resources. To access select media resources, please use the media player below.

Required Readings

Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 2, “Pharmacokinetic Basis of Therapeutics and Pharmacodynamic Principles” (pp. 17-31)

This chapter examines concepts related to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It also explores patient factors that health care providers consider when prescribing drug therapy to patients. Chapter 3, “Impact of Drug Interactions and Adverse Events on Therapeutics” (pp. 33-51)

This chapter explains drug-drug, drug-food, drug-herb, and drug-disease interactions. It also reviews patient factors that influence drug interactions and then covers adverse drug reactions. Chapter 4, “Principles of Pharmacotherapy in Pediatrics” (pp. 53-63)

This chapter explores concepts relating to drug selection, administration, and interaction for pediatric patients. It also compares age-related pharmacokinetic differences in children and adults. Chapter 6, “Principles of Pharmacotherapy in Elderly Patients” (pp. 73-89)

This chapter describes issues and factors that affect drug therapy for elderly patients. It then explores concepts relating to drug selection, administration, and management for elderly patients.

Hilmer, S. N., McLachlan, A. J., & Le Couteur, D. G. (2007). Clinical pharmacology in the geriatric patient. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology, 21(3), 217–230. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores issues that health care providers consider when prescribing drug treatment to geriatric patients. It also examines the role of polypharmacy in adverse drug reactions and the importance of managing patient response to drug treatment.

Scott, S. A. (2011). Personalizing medicine with clinical pharmacogenetics. Genetics in Medicine, 13(12), 987–995. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3290900/

This article examines pharmacogenetic testing in relation to personalized drug therapy plans and explores evidence-based guidelines and recommendations on pharmacogenetic testing.

Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved August 22, 2012, from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012). Introduction to advanced pharmacology. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 8 minutes.

In this media presentation, Dr. Terry Buttaro, Associate Professor of Practice at Simmons School of Nursing and Health Sciences, discusses the importance of pharmacology for the advanced practice nurse.

Accessible player

The following document provides credit for Laureate-produced media within this course:

Credits (PDF)

Optional Resources

The following resources are highly recommended for your professional library. You are encouraged to review these resources each week.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 22, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov/

Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.empr.com/

Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/

WebMD. (2012). Medscape. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/

Advanced Pharmacology week 2 discussion

Type of document           Case Study

Number of pages/words              2

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 4

Order description:

To prepare:

Review Chapter 1 of the Arcangelo and Peterson text, as well as articles from the American Nurses Association, Anderson and Townsend, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and Philipsend and Soeken.

Select one of the four scenarios listed above.

Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family.

Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario.

With these thoughts in mind:

By Day 3

Post an explanation of the ethical and legal implications of the scenario on all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family. Describe two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario.

Please use this scenerio

Scenario :

A friend calls and asks you to prescribe a medication for her. You have this autonomy, but you don’t have your friend’s medical history. You write the prescription anyway

data analysis section of the research proposal.

Type of document           Essay

Number of pages             3

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level High School

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 1

Order description:

To better assist you, please refer to my previous orders

Please separate the paragraphs as instructed

Discussion Question (2 pages)

• Discuss the differences between non-parametric and parametric tests.
• Provide an example of each and discuss when it is appropriate to use the test.
• Next, discuss the assumptions that must be met by the investigator to run the test.

You may want to use Grove, Gray, and Sutherland for citation less than 5 years if possible.

Research Proposal Draft (1 page)

By the due date assigned, write a 1-page paper addressing the sections below of the research proposal.

Methodology

• Data Analysis Plans
• Describe plan for data analysis for demographic variables (descriptive statistical tests). Describe plan for data analysis of study variables (descriptive and inferential statistical tests)

You may want to use Grove, Gray, and Sutherland for citation less than 5 years if possible.

Advanced Physiology week 1 discussion

Type of document           Essay

Number of pages             2

Subject area         Nursing

Academic Level Master

Style      APA

Number of sources/references 4

Order description:

To Prepare

Review this week’s media presentation with Dr. Terry Buttaro. Reflect on the importance of developing an in-depth understanding of pathophysiology.

Select a disorder from the following list:

Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)

Atherosclerosis

Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

Colon cancer

Cystic fibrosis

Hemophilia

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

Osteoporosis

Parkinson’s disease

Tuberculosis

Select one of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how that factor might impact your selected disorder, as well as potential associated alterations and symptoms.

Identify the pathophysiology of the associated alterations, including the normal and altered cellular function. Consider both intra- and extra-cellular changes that occur

Please do colon cancer orCholelithiasis (gallstones)

please use the readings as some of the references I will try and upload the video

International assignments – expatriation

International assignments, including expatriation, have been argued to be an essential aspect of MNC operations. What are the main problems associated with expatriate assignments? What steps can MNCs take to ensure that these assignments are guided by and do not contradict their diversity management policies and practices? Please provide examples from MNCs to illustrate your answer, and cover more than one equality characteristic.

This question relates primarily to weeks 5 (migration and international assignments) and 4 (international diversity and well-being). Students should be careful to cover both parts of the question: what problems arise with expatriate assignments (including selection, handling of the assignment itself, and repatriation), and the degree to which these assignments are (or are not) consistent with MNCs’ equality and diversity policies and practices. Students should refer to at least two of the recognised equality characteristics, which according to UK law are: age, disability, race, sex, gender re-assignment, sexual orientation, marriage/civil partnership, pregnancy/maternity, and religion/belief. Aside from academic readings, you are encouraged to use particular company websites and other documents from relevant international organisations.

Suggested readings:

Adler, N (1984) ‘Women in international management: Where are they?’, California Management Review, 26(4), 78-89.

Berry, D.P. and Bell, M.P. (2012) ‘Expatriates’: Gender, Race and Class Distinctions in International Management’, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 19 No. 1: 10-28.

Business in the Community (2017) Best Employers for Race, https://race.bitc.org.uk/awards-benchmarking/best-employers-race-list-2017

Caligiuri, P and Cascio, WF (1998) ‘Can we send her there? Maximizing the success of western women on global assignments’, Journal of World Business, 33(4), 394-416.

Caligiuri, P and Stroh, L (1995) ‘Multinational Corporation Management Strategies and International Human Resources practices: Bringing IHRM to the Bottom Line’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(3): 494 – 507.

Caligiuri, P, Joshi, A and Lazarova, M (1999) ‘Factors influencing the adjustment of women on global assignments’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(2), 163-179.

Colgan, F.’ (2011) ‘Equality, diversity and corporate social responsibility: Sexual orientation in the UK private sector,’ Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 719 – 734.

Colgan, F, et al (2014) ‘Employment equality and diversity management in a Russian Context’, in Klarsfeld, A. Booysen, L. Ng, E. Roper, I. and Tatli, A. (eds.), International Handbook in Diversity Management at Work, Edward Elgar: Cheltenham, 2nd edition, chapter 12. 217 – 240.

Egan, M. L. and Bendick, M. (2003), Workforce diversity initiatives of U.S. multinational corporations in Europe. Thunderbird Int’l Bus Rev, 45: 701–727.

Eurobarometer (2015) Discrimination in the EU in 2015, available at: ww.equineteurope.org?Discrimination-in-the-EU-in-2015

Ferner, A., Almond, P. & Colling, T. (2005) ‘Institutional theory and the cross-national transfer of employment policy: the case of ‘workforce diversity’ in US MNCs’, Journal of International Business Studies, 36:3, 304-321.

Gedro, J , Mizzi, R, Rocco, T, and Van Loo J. (2013) ‘Going global: professional mobility and concerns for LGBT workers’, Human Resource Development International, 16 [3] 282-297

Harris, H (2002) ‘Think international manager, think male: why are women not selected for international management assignments? ‘ Thunderbird International Review, 44 (2) 175-203.

Harzing, A-W and Pinnington, A H (2011) International Human Resource Management, 3rd edition, London: Sage, chapter 15, ‘Women Leading and Managing Worldwide’, Adler (507 – 537); chapter 16, ‘Global Work Life Management in Multinational Corporations’, De Cieri and Bardoel (538 – 558) and chapter 18, ‘Social Responsibility, Sustainability and Diversity of Human Resources’, Cooke (583 – 624).

Heran,J and Piekkari, R (2005) ‘Gendered Leaderships and Leaderships on Gender Policy: National Context, Corporate Structures and Chief Human Resources Managers in Transnational Corporations’, Leadership, 1(4): 429-54.

Hunt, G. (2015) ‘Going global: International labour and sexual orientation discrimination,’ in Colgan, F. and Rumens, N. (eds.) Sexual Orientation at Work: Contemporary Issues and Perspectives, New York: Routledge, 228-244.

Kollen, T. (2016) (Ed.) Sexual Orientation and Transgender Issues in Organizations – Global Perspectives on LGBT Workforce Diversity, Springer: New York.

Lucas, R, Lupton, B, Mathieson, H (2006) Human Resource Management in an International Context, London : CIPD, Mor-Barak, M (2005) Managing Diversity: Towards a Globally Inclusive Workplace, Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Mayrhofer, W and Scullion, H (2002) ‘All equal? The importance of context—empirical evidence about male and female expatriates from the German clothing industry’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 3(5): 815–36.

Mor Barak, M (2014) Managing Diversity: Towards a Globally Inclusive Workplace, Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Nishii, L and Özbilgin, MJ (2007) ‘Global diversity management: towards a conceptual framework’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18 (11): 1883 – 1894..

Ngo, H Y, Foley, S and Loi, R (2009) ‘Family-friendly work practices, organisational climate, and firm performance: A study of multinational corporations in Hong Kong’, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30: 665 – 80.

Olsen, J. and Martins, L. (2009) ‘The effects of expatriate demographic characteristics on adjustment: A social identity approach’, Human Resource Management, Vol. 48, No. 2: 311–328

Procknow, G. and Rocco, T. ‘The unheard, unseen and often forgotten: an examination of Disability in the HR Literature’, Human Resource Development Review Volume: 15 issue: 4, page(s): 379-403.

Punnett, BJ, Crocker, O and Stevens, M (1992) ‘The challenge for women expatriates and spouses: Some empirical evidence’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(3), 585-592.

Sipola, A and Smale, A (2007) ‘The global integration of diversity management: A longitudinal case study’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18 (11): 1895 – 916.

Stonewall (2017) Stonewall Top Global employers 2017, http://www.stonewall.org.uk/sites/default/files/stonewall_top_global_employers_2017.pdf

Stonewall (2017) Safe Travels: Global Mobility for LGBT Staff, http://www.stonewall.org.uk/sites/default/files/safe_travels_guide_2017.pdf

Stonewall (2017) Supporting Trans Staff in the Workplace, http://www.stonewall.org.uk/supporting-trans-staff-workplace

Stroh, L and Caligiuri, P (1998), “Increasing global effectiveness through effective people management”, in Journal of World Business, 33 [1]: 1 – 16.

United Nations (2018) How well is the UK performing on disability rights? https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/publication-download/how-well-uk-performing-disability-rights

van Woerkom, M and de Reuver, R (2009) ‘Predicting excellent management performance in an international context: a study of the influence of multicultural personality on transformational leadership and performance’, in International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20 [10], October 2009, 2013 – 2029.

Westwood, RI and Leung, SM (1994) ‘The female expatriate manager experience: Coping with gender and culture’, International Studies of Management and Organization, 24, 64-85.

Mastitis

Discipline: – Nursing

Type of service: Research Paper

Spacing: Double spacing

Paper format: MLA

Number of pages: 8 pages

Number of sources: 14 sources

Paper details:

look at the guideline

Concept Map Teaching and Learning Grading Rubric

Objectives: Through this activity, the students will be able to:

1. Incorporate principles of teaching and learning in clinical practice.
2. Plan, develop, present and evaluate a teaching activity related to client/family injury prevention in a maternity or pediatric clinical/outpatient setting, using guidelines provided.
3. Synthesize 3 Evidenced Based Journal Articles related to injury prevention teaching/anticipatory guidance, analyzing its value for utilization in the care of the childbearing family.

Guidelines: Create a concept map and write a Maximun 1500-word summary of education related to injury prevention. All families entering a Maternity or Pediatric unit should be provided with education pertaining to risk for injuries. Use appropriate references that are no more than 5 years old. You may include web link resources.

Outcomes:	Absent	Weak	Average	Good	STUDENT: Faculty:
% of Points	0	70-80%	80-90-%	90-100%	GRADE:
Guidelines						Comments	Points
1.  Identify and describe the client and family you decided to work with. Introduce the client and any pertinent medical history related to the child. Describe how learner needs were identified. Discuss factors considered in assessing learner needs (Scholarly Paper Section)                                                                                      (10 points)
2. Select 3 Evidenced Based Peer Reviewed Research Articles within 5 years relevant to this assignment (One Nursing Journal, One Medical Journal & One Interdisciplinary Journal). There is a tutorial on how to find articles in the Regis library on Moodle. Discuss the importance of injury prevention in this population, common barriers to safety, and teaching strategies to help parents properly safeguard their children (be sure to attach a copy of the articles’ abstract to this paper). Max 1500 words. (Scholarly Paper Section) (30 points)							3. Your topic is injury prevention according to the age of your newborn/pediatric patient. Describe the content of your presentation based on class information and readings.  (Scholarly Paper Section) (10 points)     4. Outline your presentation in the following format: Concept Map: Boxes should include: A. Nursing Diagnosis related to injury prevention B. Learner Objectives C. Content about injury prevention related to this child’s developmental parameters D. Teaching & Learning Strategies/Methods (materials provided) E. Evaluation Criteria/Methods                                                     Use a variety of teaching strategies and methods, appropriate to your client family. Describe methods, process, and strategies, planned and actual. Evaluate the effectiveness of the activity. Discuss tools for teacher and learner evaluation, expected versus actual learning, mechanisms for revision.       (30 points) (Concept Map Items) (Hint use Popplet.com APP)     5. Length of write up: no more than 1500 words excluding bibliography. (2 points) APA format/grammar (8 points) (10 points)     6. Present to your clinical group in post conference/simulation(10 points)                                           Total